What is the difference between an Assistance Dog and an Emotional Support Dog?

Assistance Dogs are also known as Service Dogs, or ‘Psychiatric Assistance Dogs’, in other parts of the world, although this is uncommon here in Australia.

What does the law say about Assistance Dogs Vs Emotional Support Dogs?

Emotional Support Dogs are not recognised by law. There is no set standard or accreditation process to qualify an Emotional Support Dog. They do not have public access rights and are not protected by disability anti-discrimination laws if they and their owner are refused entry to a venue.

By contrast, Assistance Dogs are granted full Public Access Rights, allowing them to accompany their human almost everywhere. Public Access Rights are granted only after thorough assessment, completed by accredited organisations, and must be re-issued yearly. These rights are protected under Federal Law via the Disability Discrimination Act 1992.

As outlined by in the DDA, these dogs might help with physical conditions (like vision impairment, mobility and dexterity issues, or alert their owner of an oncoming seizure), or psychosocial difficulties (such as trauma, Autism Spectrum Disorder, or panic).

Every year, Assistance Dogs undergo an examination, called the Public Access Test, which essentially re-accredits them to go everywhere with their human (except for sterile areas like operating theatres).

Why are public access rights given to Assistance Dogs but not Emotional Support Dogs?

It all comes down to training. Assistance Dogs, in addition to their supporter skills, have been trained to meet a very high standard of behaviour and hygiene. Their handlers are also trained to help them maintain their skills.

For example, Assistance Dogs are trained to toilet on command and not in indoor or public spaces. On public transport, Assistance Dogs know how to position themselves out of the way and to remain so quiet, no-one would know they are there.